Ipv6 has 128 bit addresses and has a much larger address space than 32bit ipv4 which offered us a bit more than 4 billion addresses. You are a network technician working for a company that has decided to migrate from ipv4 to ipv6. Learn how ipv6 was developed, why it is named ipv6, and the impact on the ip address space of mobile. This lack of synchronization between the end of ipv4 and the global availability of ipv6 addressing at hosts and content providers will require in some parts of the world the implementation of translation, either nat444 or nat64. In some cases linklocal addresses ipv6 is slightly more secure, and in other cases difficulties to parse the extension headers ipv6 is slightly less secure. In the interim, they must support both protocols dualstack. Ipv6 address are represented in a hexadecimal, colon separated notation. Dual stack ipv4 ipv6 devices ataglance ipv4 only within an ipv4 only network environment all communication is done by using ipv4 as a transport protocol. Ipv4 has demonstrated robust, compatibility with vast range of protocols, applications and easy implementation.
Ipv4 addresses are typically represented in dotted decimal notation whereas ipv6 addresses are typically represented in hex. Ipv4 installs were complicated by manual default router and address assign ment. General ipv6 addressing guidance to support their network redesign. Internal users and their access to internal systems and ipv6 internet. The addresses are still assigned by using internet protocol version 4 ipv4. Difference between ipv4 and ipv6 protocols compare the. In principle, they are the same, but they are different in how they work. By default, ipv6 routing is not enabled on cisco routers unlike ipv4 routing, which is enabled by default and without enabling ipv6 routing, a cisco router will not send ipv6 router advertisement messages or respond to router solicitation messages. The following table summarizes the major differences between ipv4 and ipv6. Keep in mind every additional bit doubles the number of ip addressesso we go from 4 billion to 8 billion, 16,32,64, etc.
Many enterprises use ospf version 2 for their internal ipv4 routing protocol. Ipv4 is 32 bit binary number while ipv6 is 128 bit binary number address. Ipv6 and ipv4 threat comparison and best practice evaluation v1. The purpose of this testing effort was to provide information to cisco s federal sales team and cisco customers regarding ipv4 and ipv6 performance in a realistic network environment. As soon as ipv4 and ipv6 configurations are complete, the interface is dual stacked and it forwards both ipv4 and ipv6 traffic. The prefix length is a decimal value that indicates how many of the highorder contiguous bits of the. Stateless nat64, defined in rfc 6145, is a translation mechanism for algorithmically mapping ipv6 addresses to ipv4 addresses, and ipv4 addresses to ipv6 addresses.
This configuration example will enable ipv6 over the vpn and assign an address to your vpn clients. Similar to ipv4, static routes also can be configured in ipv6 cisco routers. Dual stack ipv4ipv6 devices ataglance ipv4 only within an ipv4 only network environment all communication is done by using ipv4 as a transport protocol. In the network, ip address is assigned to every interface which connects to the internet. In addition you will learn about the benefits we get with ipv6 over ipv4, how ipv6 abbreviation works, and the different types of ipv6 addreses. Octets or segments, or a combination of both, make up internet protocol version 4 ipv4 and internet protocol version 6 ipv6 addresses. Source and destination addresses are 32 bits 4 bytes in length. The ipv6 prefix must be in the form documented in rfc 2373 where the address is specified in hexadecimal using 16bit values between colons. This tells the vpn client to exclude all other ipv6 traffic from the tunnel, allowing the pc to use the local internet for ipv6.
Cisco ipv6 dhcp server configuration the routing table. Ipv6 8 min ipv4 addresses are 32 bit addresses and ipv6 addresses are 128 bit addresses, but typically ipv4 addresses are represented in dotted decimal notation and ipv6 addresses are represented by colonseparated. Configuring ipv6 addressing and enabling ipv6 routing. Manual ipv6 to ipv4 tunneling encapsulates an ipv6 packet in an ipv4 packet. Cisco ccna internet protocol version 6 now that you know about ipv4, it is time to learn about ipv6. Ipv6 is mostly ipv4 with larger addresses and there is no significant difference between ipv4 and ipv6 with respect to security. Uses broadcast addresses to send traffic to all nodes on a subnet. The enhancements have been designed so that existing ipv4 applications are completely unaffected by ipv6 and api changes. Ipv4 addressing configuration guide, cisco ios xe release 3s americas headquarters cisco systems, inc.
An ipv4 address is 32 bits 4 octets whereas an ipv6 address is 128 bits 16 octets. Ipv6 services are part of cisco ios software releases, and any router that runs ipv6 must conform to the minimum memory size required by the selected cisco ios software release and feature set. So as to not fragment the packet from adding the ipv4 header to it, the data packet needs to be reduced by 20 bytes if the ipv4 has an optional protocol field, or 20 octets if it does not, as well as require routers support both ip stacks. To alleviate the difficulties of immediately migrating from ipv4 to ipv6, specific reserved addresses can be used to embed an ipv4 address into an ipv6 address. Remaining 54 bits could be zero or any manual configured value. Ipv4 internet ipv4 ipv4 when a client tries to connect to a remote internet resource, for example. This is due to major change in the addressing structure between the internet protocols. Pdf integrating voice over ip services in ipv4 and ipv6. Both are used to identify machines connected to a network. Packet tracer troubleshooting ipv4 and ipv6 addressing. As in ipv4, routers in ipv6 find best paths to destinations based on metrics and administrative distances. Some significant differences, however, exist between ipv4 and ipv6 beyond the mandate of ipsec.
Concerns about ipv4 address space exhaustion and the need for guid ance on how to. The authors note that based on studies using testbed, while the ipv6 capable sip server ser and sip ipv4 ipv6 gateway minisipproxy performed their functions well and the cisco ip phone and x. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf a comparative study on ipv4 and ipv6 article pdf available january 2015 with 5,671 reads. How to configure ipv6 static routes in cisco routers. Although you have the necessary configuration on r1, there is still more to done on r2.
Ipv4 address are separated by periods while ipv6 address are separated by colons. Ipv6 fundamentals, second edition provides a thorough yet easytounderstand introduction to the new knowledge and skills network professionals and students need to deploy and manage ipv6 networks. Ipv6 addressing concepts and implementation free cisco training 2019 duration. Introduction internet protocol version 6 ipv6, which is the latest version of the internet protocol ip that uses packets to exchange data, voice, and video traffic over digital networks, increases the number of network address bits from 32 bits in ipv4 to 128 bits. Source and destination addresses are 128 bits 16 bytes in length. I want to explore the difference betweeen ipsec feature between ipv4 version vs ipv6 version. As on ipv4, highend routers and layer 3 switching may implement assisted hardware. How to implement ipv6 addressing and basic connectivity 67. As we know for ipv4 ipsec is add on, where as for ipv6 all details claim that it is built in feature, what confuses me is that both features required mutual agreement and preconfiguration and activation at point a and. Applications that want to support concurrent ipv4 and ipv6 traffic, or ipv6 only traffic, are easily accommodated using ipv4 mapped ipv6 addresses of the form ffff.
Two types of addresses can be used for ipv4 embedding, ipv4 compatible ipv6 addresses, and ipv4 mapped ipv6 addresses. This is also where the any4v4 only, any6v6 only, and anydual stack keyword changes comes in. Static ipv6 routes can be used in small networks where the overhead of a routing protocol is not required. Finally, because of the ubiquity of their deployment, cisco routers are the. Ospfv3 for ipv4 and ipv6 cisco ios support for ospfv3 for multiple address families. This technique is useful as a temporary transition, but it adds overhead and uses many resources. To support future business continuity, growth, and innovation, organizations must transition to ipv6, the next generation protocol for defining how computers communicate over networks. Ipv6 i about the tutorial internet protocol version 6 ipv6 is the latest revision of the internet protocol ip and the first version of the protocol to be widely deployed. This will direct traffic from your network to the cisco umbrella global network. When a request to resolve a hostname on the internet is made from a network pointed at our dns addresses, umbrella applies the selected security settings connected with the policies in your account.
Hosts and network devices run both ipv4 and ipv6 at the same time. Manual intervention required in most cases host multicast. The ip nameserver command can be used to assign both ipv4 and ipv6 dns servers. When working with ipv4, you have a 32bit address format broken into byte size units, or octets. Like nat44, it does not maintain any bindings or session state while performing translation, and it supports both ipv6 initiated and ipv4 initiated communications. An ipv6 address prefix, in the format ipv6 prefix prefixlength, can be used to represent bitwise contiguous blocks of the entire address space. Essentially, ipv6 dramatically increases the number of addresses available in ipv4. For example, both ipv4 and ipv6 define addressing, the concepts of subnetting larger groups of addresses into smaller groups, headers used to create an ipv4 or ipv6 packet, and the rules for routing those packets. Research examine many common threats against ipv4 and determine how these threats might affect an ipv6 network some new threats specific to ipv6 are also considered present candidate ipv6 network best practices to the internet community for discussion and revision best practices are edge specific though many apply to sps version 1. Ipv4 and ipv6 are internet protocol version 4 and internet protocol version 6, ip version 6 is the new version of internet protocol, which is way better than ip version 4 in terms of complexity and efficiency. This allows service providers to offer ipv6 to their customers without making major changes to the core of their mpls network. Ipv6 was developed by the internet engineering task force ietf to deal with the longanticipated problem of ipv4 address exhaustion. It will then setup a split tunnel for ipv6 to tunnel over only the 1164 network which isnt used.